What's new in synthetic oil technology?

Before we can tackle what's new in synthetic motor oil technology, we should first make sure that we know what synthetic oils are. Mineral or conventional motor oils come from the ground, like the stuff that bubbles up in oil fields from Texas to Saudi Arabia. On the other hand, synthetic oils are man-made. Each company has a proprietary process for creating these oils that they're not keen to disclose.

If there were two puddles of clean engine oil on the floor, one puddle of mineral oil and one puddle of synthetic, it would be almost impossible to tell them apart. As ExxonMobil technical advisor Kevin Chinn quipped during a phone interview, "You'd slip on both of them." If two vehicles at 10,000 miles (16,093 kilometres  past their last oil change were drained, though, the differences between the vehicle using mineral motor oil and the one using synthetic oil would be apparent: The mineral oil would be noticeably thicker.

Synthetic oils have been around for a while; Amoco sold one as early as 1929. During World War II, the Germans advanced synthetic oil technology when Allied forces strangled the country's oil supply. In the 1950's and 1960's, synthetic oil took off to meet the high-performance needs of fighter jets. Then, just as the fuel crisis of the 1970's took hold, Mobil1 synthetic oils that promised to increase fuel economy hit the passenger car market.

Despite the boost provided by the last fuel crisis, it took some time for synthetic motor oils to gain traction in the automotive market. The turning point came when auto manufacturers started to understand the benefits of synthetics -- such as fewer emissions and longer stretches between oil changes -- and recommended their use in newly built cars.

source: howstuffworks, wiki

The science of synthetic oils

The main difference between synthetic motor oil and conventional motor oil is found in their molecular structure. In a mineral oil, the molecules come from organic, natural materials, and as we know, nature isn't always consistent. There can sometimes be a few oddball molecules in mineral oils. Synthetic oils, on the other hand, were created by scientists in a lab. The molecules are uniform, and they line up like good soldiers inside of your engine.

There are three basic parts to synthetic motor oil:

• ·         The base oil
• ·         Performance additives, which come in powder form
• ·         The carrier oil that disperses those powdered performance additives throughout the base oil

There are a few terms that come up with synthetic oils that you should know:

1.    Viscosity Index: This measures the effect of temperature on oil viscosity, or the oil's thickness and ability to protect the engine. When oil is heated, it becomes thinner; when it's cooled, it becomes thicker. If the oil is too thin or too thick, the oil can't do its job properly. A high viscosity index means the oil doesn't change too much, no matter what the temperature inside the engine may be. In a perfect world, the viscosity of the oil wouldn't change at all and would provide optimum protection under any conditions.

2.    Total Base Number: The "base" in this context is the opposite of "acid." The total base number measures the oil's ability to withstand acid build-up in the engine.

3.    NOACK Volatility Number: Volatile compounds are unstable and tend to vaporize when exposed to heat, and this test measures that tendency. As temperatures rise, smaller molecules vaporize, leaving behind larger molecules that can make oil more sluggish and less viscous. The lower the NOACK volatility number, the better; it means there are fewer molecules being lost, which means fewer top-off's at the local lube shop.

In all of these tests, synthetic oils perform better than their mineral oil counterparts, thanks to those uniform molecules. Sure, lab testing's great, but how do these oils perform in the real world? Let's explore more!

source: how stuff works, wiki

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Why use synthetic or semi-synthetic motor oil?

Synthetic or semi-synthetic motor oil offers longer time periods between oil changes compared to using regular motor oil especially for drivers who might be prone to ignoring their periodic maintenance oil changes. 


Synthetic motor oil is thinner than regular motor oil but withstands high and low temperatures slightly better than regular motor oil and therefore recommended for high performance racing engines or for use in very extreme hot and/or very extreme cold climates. Synthetic oil takes slightly longer to breakdown before losing its lubricating properties which translates into longer time periods between oil changes but it still requires periodic oil changes. Full-synthetic oil is recommended for extreme cold climate start-ups because its thinness makes it less sticky and less tacky between the moving metal parts of a cold engine which makes it easier for cold engines to turn-over compared to using regular motor oil which is a thicker oil but then it's the same reason why 5W(Winter)/40 or higher multi-weight motor oil is recommended for extreme temperature climates rather than choosing 10W/30. But synthetic oil is warned against using during a new engine's break-in period and also warned against using in engines prone to leakage because the thinness of the synthetic oil increases leakage particularly in older engines. 

Semi-synthetic motor oil is said to offer many same exact advantages as full-synthetic but at around half the price or so. 

Regular motor oil with an additive may be cheaper but it apparently works just as good as the more expensive synthetic oils and not worse nor better but essentially the same in regards to lubricating and protecting engines. 


sources:
wiki

Synthetic Vs Mineral motor Oil

It’s important to change your engine oil at regular intervals, in general, the older the vehicle, the more often the motor oil should be changed. However, have you often wandered what the numbers and letters on the containers signify?

Why your engine oil needs regular changing?
Engine oil lubricates the metal surfaces of your car’s engine. Without proper lubrication, friction buildup causes the parts to grind together and tear apart during the transfer of heat from the combustion cycle. Oil also helps clean away the chemical by-products of the combustion process and minimizes oxidation. Throughout this process, it becomes dirty and thins out, and needs regular replacement.

What the numbers and letters mean?

Motor oil is divided into three types: fully synthetic, semi-synthetic and mineral (standard) oil. 5W-30 motor oil, for instance is a semi-synthetic blend. The number before the W is the “cold” viscosity rating of the oil, while the latter number is the “hot” viscosity rating. The lower the cold number (W stands for “winter”), the easier it is for your car’s engine to turn over when you attempt to start the car in cold climates.
• Mineral oil is generally the cheapest.
• Standard motor oil is effective at protecting your engine and it’s also cheaper than semi-synthetic and synthetic oil. However, it must be changed more often, as it becomes dirty and thins out more quickly.
• Semi-synthetic motor oils are derived from standard oil.
• Semi-synthetic motor oil is closely related to standard mineral motor oil. Semi-synthetics are primarily made of polyalpholifins, which comes from “the purest part of the mineral oil refraction process.” Thus, semi-synthetic can be mixed with standard motor oil without causing the car’s engine to seize.
• Pure synthetics for heavy gearboxes.
• Pure synthetic oils (aka polyalkyleneglycols) are most often used for industrial purposes in vehicles with heavily loaded gearboxes. It’s high-performance stuff. Finely tuned via molecular recombination, fully synthetic motor oil cannot be mixed with other oils. 
• Go with quality, lightweight oil.
• Choose engine oil that meets the demands of your environment. Modern engines function well with lighter, thinner oils.

Why you should not forget about regular oil completely?

It is very clear that synthetic oils have a greater edge over regular oils. Then why not completely move over to man-made oils? The reason is regular oil also has its benefit. On a new engine the design is not 100% neat and smooth. There are lots of irregularities. When using regular oils, it helps in smoothing the surface quickly because of the non-uniform molecular size when compared to synthetic oils. The other important thing is that if your engine is a very old model one, it might not work very well with Synthetic oils. So you will happy using conventional mineral oil there.

Source:

wiki

oilchangeadvice

tenerifenews

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Taurine acts as an antioxidant and helps prevent macular degeneration and other serious eye diseases. It reduces blood pressure and cholesterol levels, thus, helps prevent arteriosclerosis while improving detoxification function of the liver. It also helps to strengthen the heart muscle, thus, stabilizing the function of the heart and lessens the accumulation of lactic acid which becomes the cause of fatigue. Taurine also immediately restores and protects corneal cells from harmful ultraviolet rays and alike.

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Vitamin B2

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Riboflavin

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